Process Analysis

In order to analyze the process of plan/charter creation, we derived summary data from the catalog of plans and charters, including information on average funding amount, funding sources, etc. A full list of included information is below. These data were used to calculate summary statistics across all 25 analyzed plans and charters.

  • Publication Date
  • Plan Title
  • Author(s)
  • Author Type
  • Region Type
  • Funding Sources
  • Funders
  • Total Project Budget
  • Plan Goals
  • Intended Audience
  • Plan Recommendation Structure
  • Catalyst for Plan Creation
  • Creation Process
  • Theoretical Framework(s) Employed
  • Theoretical Framework(s): Additional Literature
  • Development Timeline
  • Implementation Strategy
  • Implementation Timeline
  • Evaluation Strategy
  • International Development Framework(s)
  • Current Plan StatusGovernment Adoption Status
  • Government Adoption Status: Notes
  • Supplemental Documents

Codes marked with an asterisk (*) are Key Planning Elements (16 total):

  • *Agriculture & Food Production
  • *Climate Mitigation
  • *Culture Shift (Good Food Movement)
  • *Equity & Justice
  • *Food Safety
  • *Food Security
  • *Food Sovereignty
  • *Food Waste
  • *Good Food Governance
  • *Good/Local Food Economies
  • *Labor/Food Workers
  • *Land & Resource Use
  • *Land Access
  • *Nutrition & Health
  • *Supply Chain Infrastructure
  • *Workforce Development   
  • Advocacy
  • Alternative Food Distribution Tactics
  • Business Regulations
  • Commercial Food Waste
  • Community Food Growing
  • Community Outreach
  • Conservation & Land Management
  • Emergency Response
  • Emergency Response
  • Entrepreneurship
  • Farm & Producer Business Support
  • Farmers Markets
  • Farmland Zoning & Regulations
  • Financing/Affordability, Land
  • Food & Income Assistance (SNAP, WIC, etc.)
  • Food & Nutrition Literacy
  • Food Access (consumer)
  • Food Aggregation & Food Hubs
  • Food as Medicine
  • Food Availability (retailers)
  • Food in Public Institutions
  • Food in Schools
  • Food Labeling & Marketing
  • Food Processing
  • Food Storage
  • Food System Coordination
  • Food System Plan implementation
  • Food Transport
  • Food Worker Wages
  • Funding & Investment Strategies
  • Household Food Waste
  • Housing Access
  • Immigration
  • Indigenous Foodways
  • Leadership/Staffing
  • Legislation
  • Livestock & Dairy
  • Local Brand Promotion
  • Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning
  • Networks/Bodies/Council (FPCs)
  • Nutrition Regulations
  • Oceans and Waterways
  • Preserving Farmland
  • Producer Market Access
  • Public Messaging & Marketing
  • Public Private Partnerships
  • Public Procurement
  • Public Transportation & Infrastructure
  • Purchasing Power (consumers)
  • Regional Coordination
  • Research & Innovation 
  • Retail Zoning
  • Retailer Market Access
  • School Curricula
  • Seafood & Fisheries
  • Small Business Support
  • Sustainable Agriculture
  • Training & Education, Agriculture
  • Training & Education, General
  • University Programs
  • Urban Garden Zoning & Regulations
  • Wage Policy, General
  • Water Use
  • Worker Safety
  • Young, Beginning, and Small (YBS) Farmers

Feedback

Four feedback sessions with planners and academics were held to review the content and methodology of this work. Additionally, we are in the process of beta-testing the functionality of the online toolkit.

Limitations & Suggestions for Future Research

This database provides a platform to analyze the recommendations and planning processes of 25 states and municipal planning efforts completed before 2023. Analyzing new plans and charters as they emerge, as well as identifying plans and charters not included in this analysis, will be of critical importance to this toolkit’s ongoing functionality and relevance. Additionally, our small sample size for city/county-level plans and charters limited the ability to draw conclusive summary information about planning in those contexts. Follow-up research should include identifying and reviewing a nationally representative sample of municipal plans and charters and incorporating that analysis into this database. 

Lastly, this toolkit does not provide metrics for plan success, nor does it focus on “best practices” for the planning process or plans themselves. A qualitative and quantitative assessment of those elements, including strategies for involving community members and other key stakeholders in the planning process, effectively implementing plans, and evaluating plan impact would benefit the larger community of practice. Future qualitative analysis of plans and the planning process would additionally benefit from interviews with community members and those most impacted by food systems transformation outside of the formal sphere of planning.